Whether you’re buying a lottery ticket, placing a bet on a game of online poker, or compiling your fantasy sports team, there’s always a risk that you will lose more than you win. Even though gambling is a popular pastime, there are many people who develop problems with it. In some cases, gambling can spiral out of control and lead to addiction, mental illness, and even suicidal thoughts.

It’s important to understand how gambling works and factors that can contribute to problem gambling. When you gamble, your brain releases dopamine, which is the feel-good neurotransmitter that makes you excited. But you can experience this neurological response even when you’re not winning — and that’s why it’s important to set boundaries around your gambling and make sure you’re not spending more money than you can afford to lose.

Gambling is a common recreational activity and a major global business, with the total amount of money legally wagered annually worldwide being about $10 trillion. The most widespread form of gambling is lotteries, followed by casino games and sports betting. In recent years, the popularity of Internet-based gambling has increased significantly, with operators able to offer gambling services outside the jurisdictions where they are licensed to operate and on ships that cruise outside territorial waters.

Problem gambling is associated with significant financial and social consequences, including debt, bankruptcy, and relationship difficulties. It is a leading cause of suicide in the United States, with one in two problem gamblers thinking about or trying to commit suicide. People with a gambling disorder are also at higher risk of developing a substance use or mental health problem.

There are a number of risk factors that can increase a person’s vulnerability to gambling problems, including family history and personal characteristics. Men are more likely to develop a gambling problem than women, and older adults are at greater risk than young people. It’s important to talk to a trusted family member or a professional about your concerns and seek treatment if necessary.

There are a variety of organisations that can provide support, assistance and counselling for people who are concerned about their gambling. These organisations can be found on the Royal College of Psychiatrists website and include local referral resources, such as certified gambling counselors or intensive treatment programs. Those experiencing severe gambling problems may also benefit from residential rehabilitation facilities, which can help them break the cycle of gambling and reclaim their lives. Alternatively, they can seek out self-help websites, which offer tips and advice for managing problem gambling.